کاربرد in order to , so as to
اهداف درس(Objectives):
شرح درس:
در درس های قبل با كلمات و تركیبات ربطی مختلفی آشنا شدید. در این درس نیز با كلمات و تركیباتی آشنا می شوید كه «هدف» و « منظور » ( purpose)را نشان می دهند. این تركیبات عبارت از :
مثال :
He wet to French to study politics.
A telescope is a device to observe objects in spac
باید توجه داشت كه بعد از این دو تركیب شكل ساده فعل به كار می رود. in order to و so as to در واقع همان مصدر با to هستند البته کمی رسمی تر.
شکل ساده فعل So as to +.............
شکل ساده فعل In order to +...............
مثال
He wet to university in order to give a lecture.
He is learning computer so as to find a better job.
Space exploration is the use of space travel in order to discover the universe beyond the earth.
I set the alarm clock so as to get up early in the morning.
گاهی اوقات برای تاکید هر چه بیشتر می توانیم عبارت مصدری را در ابتدا ی جمله به كار ببریم.
به مثال های زیر توجه كنید.
نكتهدر جملات زیر به شكل منفی دو تركیب in order to و so as to توجه كنید. So as + not + to مصدر با in order + not + toمصدر با
I set the alarm clock so as not to get up late in the morning.
I got up early in order not to miss the train.
كاربرد so that و in order that
این دو تركیب ربط د هنده ، برای بیان هدف و منظور به معنای « به منظور این که / به طوری که / برای این که » استفاده می شود. به ساختار آن توجه کنید :
فعل اصلی + فعل كمكی + فاعل In order that / So that +
اگر زمان جمله ی پایه حال باشد افعال کمکی can , will , may واگر زمان جمله ی پایه گذشته باشد افعال کمکی could ,would , might استفاده می شود.
به مثال های زیر توجه كنید.
John goes to the library so that he can study in a quite place.
Father bought a bigger house in order that we might live more comfortably.
گاهی اوقات در شكل محاوره ای در كاربرد so that كلمه that حذف می شود. مثال:
I turned off the radio so ( that ) my brother could study his books.
Leave early so you won’t miss the bus.
زود راه بیفت تا از اتوبوس جا نمانی.
می توانیم برای تاکید بیش تر so that و in order that را قبل از جمله ی پایه بنویسیم .
So that they can attract more customers, shops are putting their prices down.
In order that we might live more comfortably, father bought a bigger house.
in order that بیش تر در جمله های نوشتاری رسمی استفاده می شود.
برای بیان هدف ومنظور از “ for ” نیز استفاده می شود. باید توجه داشت كه “ for ”حرف اضافه است وبعد از آن اسم یا اسم مصدر به كار می رود. به مثال زیر توجه كنید.
He went to the store for some bread.
A telescope is used for observing distant objects.
تست
1- Sputnik carried instruments………….measure the temperature of the upper atmosphere.
a) so b) for c) to d) so that
2-When John had a vacation, he went to Italy….....he could learn about Italian art.
a) so that b) in order c) although d) whether
3- Apollo 12 was launched to the moon…………it could bring back samples of rock for research.
a) unless b) when c) so that d) so as to
4- Bob went to the library………..he could study in a quite place.
a) in order to b) even though c) so that d) since
5- She took a long rest ……….she would feel relaxed before her work.
a) so as b) in order to c) and d) so that
6-Which one is wrong ?
We threw away everything we didn’t use………..as much space as possible.
a) so as to save b) to save
c) so that we will save d) in order to save
7- Actions must be taken ………this kind of thing never happen again.
a) so b) therefore c) when d) unless
8- She put on her best dress………..a good impression.
a) so as make b) so that to make
c) in order that make d) to make
9- We went out……….some fresh air.
a) so as b) so that c) so that d) for
10- He went to Canada……….his education.
a) so that he can continue b) so that he could continue
c) in order continue d) so as he could continue