Timeline of Iranian History
part 2
867:The Saffarids of Sistan establish Iranian dominance in the eastern Iranian territories until their collapse in 903.
873: The Samanids become the first truly Iranian group ruling Iran until 999. Persian becomes the official langue of the court and replaces Arabic.
945: The Buyid leaders, from north-central Iran, defeated the Arab armies. They later captured Baghdad. They collapsed by 1055, but their influence remained for centuries.
1000: The beginnings of the Turkish dominance in Iran and the emergence of the Saljuq Dynasty.
1010: The Persian epic, the “Book of Kings” is composed. The book (Shahnameh) has been instrumental in the revival and continuity of the Persian language and culture.
1220: The Mongol invasion. Chingiz Khan and his armies devastated Iran. He died in 1227 and his empire was divided between his close kin.
1258: The Mongols sacked Baghdad and ended the Abbasid Caliphate. The Il-Khanid dynasty gained control of the Persian territories of the Mongols.
1295: Ghazan Khan, the Mongol Emperor of Iran from the Ilkhanid dynasty converts to Islam.
1405: Timur (Tamerlane) conquered most of Persia and its surrounding areas. The Timurid dynasty of Iran collapses in 1501.
1501: The conquest of Tabriz by Shah Ismail I and the establishment of the Safavid rule in Iran and Shi’i as the state religion.
1514: The Ottomans had a decisive victory in the battle of Chalidran and Iran lost eastern Anatolia.
1507: The Portuguese invaded the Hurmuz Island and port in the Persian Gulf and started a century of rivalry with the British.
1526: Rebellion by the Rumlu and Ustalju Turkmen tribes. Takkalu tribes also rebelled and attacked Tabriz in 1531.
1555: A peace treaty between the Ottomans and Iran divided Armenia and Georgia between the two countries. The Eastern parts of these countries remained part of Iran.
1587: Shah Abbas the Great assumes the throne. He defeated all rebellious groups in Iran and consolidated central power.
1590: Shah Abbas I was forced to give away many territories in Armenia, Georgia, and parts of Azerbaijan and Luristan to the Ottomans
1597: Shah Abbas I ended the Uzbek invasion of Iran. He welcomed Europeans including the British in order to modernize his army and expand trade and unified the coinage in the country.
1642: Shah Abbas II (1642-1666) tried to implement bureaucratic reform and reduce the power of clergy. He established trade with the East India Company and gave asylum to several thousand Uzbeks in Iran.
1709: The Ghilzai Afghans rebelled and occupied Qandahar and established a local kingdom.
1721: Peter the Great, the Russian ruler occupied Baku and increased Russian influence in the area.
Other Links:
Haft Keshvar (7 Countries)-part 1
History of Ancient Medicine in Mesopotamia & Iran-part 1
Iran, a Brief History (part 1)
A – Z of Iran History (A)
History of Ancient Medicine in Mesopotamia & Iran-part 2
